About 30,000 years ago, the Negritos, who became the ancestors of the Aeta, Agta, Ayta, Ati, Dumagat and other tribes of the Philippines forms about .003% of the total Philippine population.
About 2000 to 6000 years ago, the Austronesian ethnic group originated from the Yunnan Plateau in Taiwan and settled in what is now the Philippines by sailing, using boats or by traveling in land bridges. Their descendance would migrated to the Malay Archipelago, the Pacific Islands, and Madagascar.
The indigenous people of the Philippines were also in contact with other Asian people. Various ethnic groups established several communities formed by the assimilation of various indigenous Philippine kingdoms.
The current Filipino People
The Filipino is basically of Malay stock with a sprinkling of Chinese, American, Spanish, and Arab blood. The Philippines has a population of 76.5 million as of May 2000, and it is hard to distinguish accurately the lines between stocks. From a long history of Western colonial rule, interspersed with the visits of merchants and traders, evolved a people of a unique blend of east and west, both in appearance and culture.
The Filipino character is actually a little bit of all the cultures put together. The bayanihan or spirit of kinship and camaraderie that Filipinos are famous for is said to be taken from Malay forefathers. The close family relations are said to have been inherited from the Chinese. The piousness comes from the Spaniards who introduced Christianity in the 16th century. Hospitality is a common denominator in the Filipino character and this is what distinguishes the Filipino. Filipinos are probably one of the few, if not the only, English-proficient Oriental people today. Pilipino is the official national language, with English considered as the country's unofficial one.
Language
According to
Ethnologue, there are about 180 languages spoken in the Philippine Islands.
Filipino and
English are the official languages. Other major languages of the Philippines include Tagalog,
Cebuano,
Ilokano,
Hiligaynon,
Waray,
Kapampangan,
Bikol,
Pangasinan,
Tausug,
Maguindanao,
Maranao,
Kinaray-a,
Chavacano and
Spanish.
Mt Pinatubo
Pinatubo is part of a chain of volcanoes which lie along the western edge of the island of
Luzon. They are
subduction volcanoes, formed by the
Philippine Plate sliding under the
Eurasian Plate along the
Manila Trench to the west. Mount Pinatubo lies on a destructive plate boundary.
The volcano is located 89 km (55 miles) northwest of
Manila, 14 km (9 miles) west of the former
Clark Air Base, and 37 km (23 mi) north of the former
U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay [5]. Clark Air Base's residential areas and petroleum storage facilities were in much closer proximity to the volcano than the airfield complex and neighboring
Angeles City.
Several important river systems have their sources on Pinatubo, with the major rivers being the Bucao, Santo Tomas, Maloma, Tanguay and Kileng rivers. Before the eruption, these river systems were important
ecosystems, but the eruption filled many valleys with deep pyroclastic deposits. Since 1991, the rivers have been clogged with
sediment, and the valleys have seen frequent
lahars. Studies show that the river systems will take many years yet to recover from the 1991 eruption.
About 500,000 people continue to live within 40 km of the mountain, with population centres including the 150,000 in
Angeles City, and 20,000 at
Clark Freeport Zone.